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21 articles

Miguel Cabrera's iconic c. 1750 portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in her convent library. (Image credit: Museo Nacional de Historia, Castillo de Chapultepec)

Was the "Worst Nun in History" in Love with a Woman?

Sor Juana's love poems to the Vicereine of New Spain are intense, intimate, and still debated by scholars centuries later.

Illustration of Karen in her red shoes from the 1920 edition by Anne Anderson

The Dark Family Secret Hidden Inside The Red Shoes

How Andersen's childhood, class shame, and strict Lutheran faith shaped his darkest fairy tale.

Miguel Cabrera’s iconic c. 1750 portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in her convent library. (Image credit: Museo Nacional de Historia, Castillo de Chapultepec)

She Became a Nun Just to Avoid Marriage (and Read Books)

Meet Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, the 'worst nun in history'—who chose the convent over marriage to build a library and defend women's right to learn.

Title page and frontispiece of Harris’s List of Covent-Garden Ladies for 1773, the annual directory detailing London’s most noted sex workers and their clientele. (Image credit: Wellcome Collection)

The Business of Virginity in 18th-Century London

Discover how 18th-century sex workers and madams manufactured virginity repeatedly, using astringents, blood, and performance to deceive clients.

The Censored Witches' Flying Potion (That Promised a "Lover")

The Censored Witches' Flying Potion (That Promised a "Lover")

Uncover Della Porta's infamous 16th-century witches' ointment recipe—hallucinogenic herbs, erotic visions, and Inquisition censorship.

The title page of the 1658 English translation of Magia Naturalis, which published the book's alarming recipes for faking virginity in full.

Fake Virginity: The Painful Renaissance ‘Cures’ They Sold Women

Discover dangerous Renaissance recipes for faking virginity—blistering pills, leeches, and lead paint sold to women facing ruin without wedding-night blood.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman and The Yellow Wallpaper

The Yellow Wallpaper: The Medical History Behind Charlotte Perkins Gilman's Story

Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a response to the rest cure. The real medical context behind one of literature's most unsettling stories.

Ephelia: Unmasking a Seventeenth-Century Feminist Voice

Ephelia: Unmasking a Seventeenth-Century Feminist Voice

Uncover Ephelia, the mysterious 17th-century poet who challenged gender norms with bold, erotic verse—was she Joan Philips or someone else entirely?

Lucy in her vampire form from Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), directed by Francis Ford Coppola, showing her dramatic transformation.

Dracula and the History of Blood Transfusions: Science, Sex, and Victorian Anxiety

Bram Stoker wrote Dracula as blood transfusion was becoming real medicine. How the novel reflects Victorian fears about science, sexuality, and women's bodies.

Renaissance women engaging in alchemical practices, showcasing their involvement in scientific endeavors.

Alchemy in the Renaissance: The Mysterious Isabella Cortese

Uncover Isabella Cortese, the enigmatic 16th-century alchemist whose bestselling book challenged tradition and championed women's knowledge.

Portrait of Caterina Sforza, attributed to Lorenzo di Credi.

Caterina Sforza's Experiments: Alchemy, Medicine, and Power in Renaissance Italy

Caterina Sforza left behind over 450 recipes for medicines, cosmetics, and poisons. What her alchemical notebook reveals about Renaissance women and power.

Portrait of a Girl (Anonymous, 1600-1620). Wikimedia Commons.

Green Sickness: A Historical Look at the 'Disease of Virgins'

Explore the mysterious disease of virgins that shaped medical control over young women from the 1550s to 1920s through marriage and motherhood.

A Clinical Lesson at the Salpêtrière (1887), by André Brouillet. (Wikimedia Commons)

The 'Queen of Hysterics' and 19th-Century Theatrical Hysteria

Meet Blanche Wittmann, the 'queen of hysterics' at Charcot's Salpêtrière Hospital, where medical demonstrations became theatrical spectacles.

Modesta dal Pozzo (Moderata Fonte), 1600. (Wikimedia Commons)

Moderata Fonte and ‘The Woman Question’

In 1600 Venice, Moderata Fonte imagined seven women debating 'the woman question'—why do inferior men dominate women, and can it change?

Witch Riding on a Goat, by Albrecht Dürer (circa 1500). (Wikimedia Commons)

Why Do We Picture Witches as Old Women?

Why are witches always old women? Explore how menopause, humoral theory, and misogyny shaped the witch stereotype from medieval times to today.

Sadie Frost as Lucy in Francis Ford Coppola’s version of Bram Stoker’s Dracula. (Wikimedia Commons)

Medusa, Vampires, and the Fear of the Female Body

From ancient Greece to Victorian Gothic, menstruation and female sexuality were cast as monstrous. How Medusa and the vampire reflect centuries of fear.

Elizabeth I’s coronation glove (left) and Elizabeth II’s coronation glove (right). Credit: Dents.

Elizabeth I and Ageing: Lead Makeup, Wigs, and the Politics of Appearance

Elizabeth I's white lead makeup and red wigs weren't vanity — they were political tools. How the ageing queen managed her image in an era that feared decay.

The Faint, by Pietro Longhi (1744). Source: Wikimedia Commons.

Green Sickness and Virginity

Discover green sickness, the mysterious ailment that affected young women from the 1550s to 1920s—diagnosed by paleness, fainting, and virginity.

What is Gender History?

What is Gender History?

From Virginia Woolf's lament to second-wave feminism—discover how gender history emerged to challenge incomplete narratives and rewrite the past.

A miniature of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus in a a manuscript. Ovide Moralisé. Credit: BNF.

‘Neither, and yet both’: ‘Hermaphroditism’ and Binaries

Explore how intersex people challenged binary categories for centuries—from medieval medicine to early modern legal debates about gender and sex.

Ellen Terry as Lady Macbeth (John Singer Sargent, 1889) © Tate

(Un)sexing, Violence, and Women

Lady Macbeth asks to be 'unsexed' to commit murder—explore how Shakespeare linked femininity, menstruation, and violence in early modern England.